为什么“问对问题”比“得到答案”更重要 -- 提示语基础
Prompt Basics · 提示语基础
What is a prompt? A prompt is the instruction or question you give to guide a response—from a person or an AI. 什么是提示语? 提示语是你给别人或给 AI 的指令/问题,用于引导对方给出需要的回答。
Why learn prompting (beyond AI)?
- Clarity: Clear prompt → clear answer.
- Thinking: Good prompts focus your thinking and show your steps.
- Creativity: A precise nudge sparks better ideas in writing, science, and art.
- Communication: It’s the skill of asking good questions and giving exact directions. 为什么要学提示语(不仅仅是对 AI)?
- 清晰: 提示语清楚 → 回答清楚。
- 思维: 好提示能聚焦思路、展示步骤。
- 创造: 精准引导能激发写作、科学、艺术的点子。
- 沟通: 本质是会提问、会下达明确指令的能力。
Role Definition · 角色设定(为什么重要)
Define a role to shape perspective, tone, and method.
- Perspective: A scientist vs. a lawyer will explain differently.
- Tone/Style: A supportive coach sounds encouraging and actionable.
- Task Fit: “You are my debate coach—quiz me” tells exactly how to respond. 在提示语里设定一个“角色”,能影响视角、语气和方法。
- 视角: 科学家 和 律师 的表达方式不同。
- 语气/风格: 支持型教练 的语气更鼓励、可执行。
- 任务匹配: “你是我的辩论教练—来考我”让对方明确怎么做。
How to Write a Good Prompt · 优秀提示语清单
- Be specific (topic + scope + goal) 具体明确(主题+范围+目标)
- Give context (what you already know / constraints) 提供背景(已知信息/限制条件)
- Set format or style (bullets? steps? tone?) 规定形式或风格(要点/步骤/语气)
- Add constraints (length, time, examples, audience level) 加入约束(长度/时间/示例/受众水平)
- State the role (teacher, coach, examiner, reviewer…) 设定角色(老师/教练/考官/审稿人等)
- Ask for reasoning (show steps, checklist, citations if needed) 要求展示过程(步骤/清单/必要时给出处)
Plug-and-Play Formula · 一键套用公式
You are [ROLE]. Do [TASK] about [TOPIC],
in [STYLE/FORMAT] for [AUDIENCE], with [CONSTRAINTS].
(Show reasoning/checklist/examples as needed.)
你是[角色]。请就[主题]完成[任务],
以[风格/格式]写给[受众],并遵守[约束]。
(需要时展示推理/清单/示例。)
Quick School Examples · 示例
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EN: You are a biology teacher. Explain mitosis in 5 bullet points for a 10th grader; each bullet under 20 words; include one common mistake to avoid. CN: 你是一位生物老师。用 5 个要点向高一学生讲解有丝分裂;每点不超过 20 个词;附带一个常见误区。
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EN: You are my debate coach. Give 3 counterarguments and 3 follow-up questions about school uniforms; concise, assertive tone. CN: 你是我的辩论教练。围绕校服话题给出 3 条反方观点和 3 个追问;语气简洁有力。
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EN: You are a math tutor. Solve a quadratic by completing the square; show every step and a brief why for each step. CN: 你是一位数学导师。用配方法解一元二次方程;逐步展示并简要说明每一步“为什么”。
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EN: You are a history teacher. Compare two causes of WWI in a short table; 2 rows (cause → why it mattered). CN: 你是一位历史老师。用简表对比一战的两个成因;2 行(成因 → 重要性)。
Pro Tip · 进阶建议
End with a quality bar:
- EN: If anything is unclear, ask 1–2 clarifying questions first. Include sources or examples when possible.
- CN: 如有不清楚之处,请先提出 1–2 个澄清问题;尽量附上来源或示例。
One-line Summary · 一句话总结 EN: Great prompts = clear role + clear task + clear format + useful constraints + audience awareness + visible reasoning. CN: 好提示 = 明确角色 + 明确任务 + 明确格式 + 合理约束 + 受众意识 + 可见的思路过程。