Mr.Mou @ ShiShi AP Center

CSA FRQ Java Syntax Most Common Mistakes

CSA FRQ 语法常见错误汇总 Prompt:

You are an AP Computer Science teacher assistant. I will give you a list of student code submissions from AP CSA Free Response Questions (FRQs).. Your task is to review all the student code carefully and extract **syntax-related mistakes** only (NOT logic mistakes or spelling typos unless they cause compile-time errors).

For each mistake, categorize it by type and output the results in the following Markdown format code block:

## ✅ 2024 FRQ Java Syntax – Most Common Mistakes  
### 2024 年 AP 计算机 FRQ 语法常见错误汇总

---

## 🔍 Summary | 总览

| **Mistake 错误类型** | **Description 描述** |
|----------------------|----------------------|
| [Mistake Type]       | [Brief Description in English] [中文解释] |
... (as many as needed)

---

### 1. 🧩 [Mistake Type]  
#### [中文标题解释]

```java
// 错误示例
[Student's incorrect code]

// 正确示例
[Fixed code]

Tip: [Brief English explanation]  
提示 [Corresponding Chinese explanation]
```

⸻

Repeat for all identified syntax-related issues (missing parentheses, method misuse, type casting, etc.). Make sure your formatting is consistent and ready to paste into a GitHub comment or Markdown file.

Now here is the student code:



2024年真题FRQ常见错误列表

✅ 2024 FRQ Java Syntax – Most Common Mistakes

2024 年 AP 计算机 FRQ 语法常见错误汇总


🔍 Summary | 总览

Mistake 错误类型 Description 描述
Missing parentheses Parentheses are required in method calls and conditionals. 方法调用或条件判断中缺少括号。
Incorrect method declaration Syntax errors in method headers (missing return type, incorrect parameters). 方法头写法错误,例如缺少返回类型或参数不正确。
Misuse of type casting Using casting syntax incorrectly, e.g. int(x) instead of (int)x. 类型转换格式错误,错误使用 int(x) 而非 (int)x
Invalid ArrayList syntax Confusing Array syntax with ArrayList methods like get() or add(). 错误将 Array 的语法用于 ArrayList,例如 [] 替代 get()
Incorrect object instantiation Missing new when creating objects or using incorrect constructor syntax. 创建对象时遗漏 new 或构造器语法错误。
Variable declaration mistakes Undeclared variables or redeclared variables in wrong places. 变量未声明或重复声明。
Typo causing compile error Misspelled variable or method names that lead to compile errors. 拼写错误造成编译错误(例如拼错方法名或变量名)。
Logical conditions misuse Using == to compare booleans or incorrect logical condition placement. 错误使用 == 判断布尔值或条件表达式放置不当。
Misuse of loop structure Incorrect use of for/while syntax or loop conditions. for/while 循环语法或条件书写错误。

1. 🧩 Missing Parentheses

缺少括号

// 错误示例
if Math.random < 0.05

// 正确示例
if (Math.random() < 0.05)

Tip: Method calls and conditionals must use parentheses.
提示:方法调用和条件表达式必须使用括号。


2. 🧩 Incorrect Type Casting

类型转换格式错误

// 错误示例
int decider = int(20*Math.random());

// 正确示例
int decider = (int)(20 * Math.random());

Tip: Java uses (type) before the expression for casting.
提示:Java 中类型转换必须写成 (类型)(表达式) 的形式。


3. 🧩 ArrayList Syntax Errors

错误使用 Array 语法访问 ArrayList

// 错误示例
String a = wordList[i];

// 正确示例
String a = wordList.get(i);

Tip: Use .get(index) and .add(value) for ArrayLists.
提示:ArrayList 需要使用 .get(index) 访问元素,使用 .add(value) 添加元素。


4. 🧩 Object Instantiation Errors

创建对象时遗漏 new 或语法错误

// 错误示例
ArrayList<String> result = ArrayList<String>();

// 正确示例
ArrayList<String> result = new ArrayList<String>();

Tip: Use new keyword when creating objects.
提示:创建对象时必须加上 new 关键字。


5. 🧩 Misspelled Variables or Methods

拼写错误导致编译错误

// 错误示例
return scores[0]+""-""+socres[1]+""-""+teams[activeteam];

// 正确示例
return scores[0] + "-" + scores[1] + "-" + teams[activeteam];

Tip: Typos in variable/method names will prevent compilation.
提示:变量或方法名拼写错误会导致编译失败。


6. 🧩 Incorrect Boolean Logic

逻辑表达式写法错误

// 错误示例
if(turn ==1){
  reuslt += teamOne;
}

// 正确示例
if (turn) {
  result += teamOne;
}

Tip: Use booleans directly or compare them properly.
提示:布尔值直接使用或正确比较,不应混用 int 和 boolean。


7. 🧩 Invalid Loop Structure

循环结构语法错误

// 错误示例
for(){
    // empty for loop
}

// 正确示例
for (int i = 0; i < numDays; i++) {
    // logic here
}

Tip: Make sure your loop headers are valid and complete.
提示:确保 for 循环头部包含所有三部分(初始化、条件、更新)。


8. 🧩 Return Type or Method Declaration Errors

方法返回类型错误或声明不完整

// 错误示例
public boolean isWordChain {

}

// 正确示例
public boolean isWordChain() {

}

Tip: Method headers must have parentheses even if no parameters.
提示:方法名后必须有括号,即使没有参数。


Here is the updated syntax mistake report for the 2023 FRQ Java submissions you provided:



2023年真题FRQ常见错误列表

✅ 2023 FRQ Java Syntax – Most Common Mistakes

2023 年 AP 计算机 FRQ 语法常见错误汇总


🔍 Summary | 总览

Mistake 错误类型 Description 描述
For Loop Syntax Incorrect separator in for loop conditions / for 循环条件中使用错误的分隔符
ArrayList Access Using array syntax [] instead of .get() / 用数组语法访问 ArrayList
Return Type Mismatch Returning wrong type (e.g., boolean in int method) / 返回类型不匹配
Misspelled Method Names Typos in method names causing compilation errors / 方法名拼写错误导致编译失败
Missing Return Statement Method lacks required return statement / 方法缺少 return 语句
Incorrect Assignment in Conditionals Using = instead of == in conditionals / 条件语句中误用赋值符号
Constructor Variable Initialization Incorrect instance variable initialization / 构造函数中实例变量初始化错误
Class Naming Convention Class name not capitalized / 类名未大写
Enhanced For Loop Modification Modifying list during enhanced for loop / 在增强 for 循环中修改集合

1. 🧩 For Loop Syntax

for 循环语法错误

// 错误示例
for (int i = temperatures.size() -1, i >= 0, i--) 

// 正确示例
for (int i = temperatures.size() -1; i >= 0; i--)

Tip: Use semicolons `;` to separate for loop clauses.  
提示for 循环的条件部分用分号分隔

2. 🧩 ArrayList Access

ArrayList 访问方式错误

// 错误示例
if (temperatures[i] < lower) 

// 正确示例
if (temperatures.get(i) < lower)

Tip: Use `.get(index)` to access ArrayList elements.  
提示ArrayList 必须用 `.get(index)` 访问元素

3. 🧩 Return Type Mismatch

返回类型不匹配

// 错误示例
public int findFreeBlock(...) {
    return false; // 返回 boolean 给 int 方法
}

// 正确示例
public int findFreeBlock(...) {
    return -1; 
}

4. 🧩 Misspelled Method Names

方法名拼写错误

// 错误示例
public int finFreeBlock(...) // 拼写错误: fin → find

// 正确示例
public int findFreeBlock(...)

5. 🧩 Missing Return Statement

缺少 return 语句

// 错误示例
public String getLines() {
    // 没有 return 语句
}

// 正确示例
public String getLines() {
    return result;
}

6. 🧩 Incorrect Assignment in Conditionals

条件语句中的赋值错误

// 错误示例
if (numberLine = 1) // 误用 = 代替 ==

// 正确示例
if (numberLine == 1)

7. 🧩 Constructor Variable Initialization

构造函数变量初始化错误

// 错误示例
public Sign(String w, int s) {
    String word = w; // 创建了局部变量而非初始化实例变量
}

// 正确示例
public Sign(String w, int s) {
    this.word = w; // 正确初始化实例变量
}

8. 🧩 Class Naming Convention

类名命名规范错误

// 错误示例
public class sign // 类名未大写

// 正确示例
public class Sign

9. 🧩 Enhanced For Loop Modification

增强 for 循环中修改集合

// 错误示例
for (double w : temperatures) {
    temperatures.remove(w); // 运行时抛出 ConcurrentModificationException
}

// 正确示例
for (int i = temperatures.size()-1; i >= 0; i--) {
    temperatures.remove(i); // 倒序遍历删除
}