| environmentally |
In a way that relates to the natural world and the impact of human activity on its condition |
环保地 |
Building near the ocean doesn’t make sense environmentally. |
| afford |
To be able to pay for something |
负担得起 |
We realized that we couldn’t afford any of the houses near the ocean. |
| coastal |
Located on or near the coast |
沿海的 |
The coastal environment is often unsuitable for building. |
| building site |
A place where construction occurs |
建筑工地 |
The land near the ocean is not a suitable building site. |
| zones |
Areas that are divided based on different characteristics |
区域 |
Coastal zones include the beach, dunes, and troughs. |
| edge |
The boundary or border of something |
边缘 |
Imagine standing at the water’s edge. |
| come across |
To find or encounter something by chance |
偶然发现 |
We come across different coastal zones as we move away from the ocean. |
| familiar |
Well known from long or close association |
熟悉的 |
The beach is a coastal zone most people are familiar with. |
| primary |
Of chief importance; principal |
主要的 |
The primary dune is the most fragile zone. |
| fragile |
Easily broken or damaged |
脆弱的 |
The primary dune is very fragile and cannot support building. |
| advisable |
Recommended; wise |
明智的 |
It is not advisable to build houses on the beach. |
| shoreline |
The line along which a large body of water meets the land |
海岸线 |
The shoreline is constantly moving and changing. |
| supportive |
Providing encouragement or emotional help |
支撑的 |
The sand is not supportive enough for building structures. |
| tidal |
Relating to or affected by tides |
潮汐的 |
Daily tidal fluctuations make beach building difficult. |
| fluctuations |
Irregular rising and falling in number or amount |
波动 |
Tidal fluctuations affect the stability of beach structures. |
| shifting |
Changing or moving |
移动 |
The sands are always shifting, making the shoreline unstable. |
| peninsula |
A piece of land almost surrounded by water or projecting out into a body of water |
半岛 |
Sandy Peninsula is an example of how coastlines change over time. |
| inshore |
Towards or near the shore |
近岸的 |
Coastal zones protect inshore areas from flooding. |
| flooded |
Covered or submerged with water |
被淹 |
Coastal zones prevent inland areas from being flooded with salt water. |
| salt water |
Water containing a significant amount of salt |
盐水 |
The coastal zones protect against the intrusion of salt water. |
| damaged |
Harmed or impaired |
受损的 |
Coastal zones protect inland areas from being damaged during storms. |
| vegetations |
Plants in general, especially those found in a particular area |
植被 |
Coastal zones allow vegetations to grow further inland. |
| inland |
Situated away from the coast |
内陆的 |
Vegetation grows more inland thanks to coastal protection. |
| buffer zone |
An area that serves to separate or protect |
缓冲区 |
Coastal zones act as a buffer zone against wind and salt spray. |
| spray |
Liquid that is blown or driven through the air in the form of tiny drops |
喷雾浪花 |
Coastal zones protect inland areas from salt spray. |
| recreation |
Activity done for enjoyment when one is not working |
娱乐 |
The beach is suitable for recreation but not for building. |
| sensitive |
Easily affected or harmed by something |
敏感的 |
The primary dune is very sensitive and cannot support much activity. |
| windblown |
Carried or moved by the wind |
被风吹的 |
Sand dunes are often thought of as just windblown piles of sand. |
| pile |
A heap or stack of things |
堆 |
Sand dunes are more than just piles of sand; they support vegetation. |
| take hold |
To become established |
生根 |
Vegetation first begins to take hold on the primary dune. |
| disturbed |
Disrupted or interfered with |
被扰乱的 |
When vegetation is disturbed, sand dunes can migrate inland. |
| migrate |
To move from one region or habitat to another |
迁移 |
Sand from the dunes can migrate inland if the vegetation is disturbed. |
| erosion |
The process of being worn away by wind, water, or other natural agents |
侵蚀 |
Beach erosion is often caused by the destruction of primary dunes. |
| shrinking |
Becoming smaller in size |
缩小的 |
Beaches that used to be wide are now shrinking due to erosion. |
| tolerant |
Showing willingness to allow the existence of opinions or behavior that one does not necessarily agree with |
容忍的 |
The trough is tolerant of limited recreational use. |
| limited |
Restricted in size, amount, or extent |
有限的 |
The trough allows for limited recreational use and some building. |
| thicker |
More dense or compact |
较厚的 |
The vegetation in the trough is thicker, providing more stability. |
| stable |
Not likely to give way or overturn; firmly fixed |
稳定的 |
The ground in the trough is more stable than in the dunes. |
| preserve |
To maintain something in its original or existing state |
保护 |
It is important to preserve the quality of the ground water in the trough. |
| in general |
Usually, mainly |
一般来说 |
In general, it is okay to build in the trough. |
| defense |
Protection from harm |
防御 |
The secondary dune serves as a final defense against the sea. |
| real estate |
Property consisting of land or buildings |
房地产 |
Coastal real estate is highly valuable but risky to build on. |
| edge |
The outer limit of an object, area, or surface |
边缘 |
The water’s edge can change due to tides and storms. |
| receded |
Moved back from a previous position |
后退 |
After the storm, the water receded, leaving the house unstable. |
| unstable |
Not stable; likely to change or fail |
不稳定的 |
The house became unstable after the sand was washed away. |