| establish |
To set up or prove |
确定 |
Research has established a strong link between emotions and memories. |
| conduct |
To carry out or perform |
实施 |
A study was conducted to explore the emotional impact on memory. |
| affect |
To have an influence on |
影响 |
Emotions significantly affect our memory recall. |
| a series of |
A number of related events or items |
一系列 |
Volunteers were shown a series of images in the study. |
| positive |
Encouraging, optimistic, or constructive |
积极的 |
Positive images, like a child smiling, evoke strong emotions. |
| negative |
Unfavorable, pessimistic, or harmful |
负面的 |
Negative images were remembered with more detail. |
| neutral |
Unbiased, not showing either positive or negative qualities |
中性的 |
Neutral images had less emotional impact. |
| generate |
To produce or bring about |
产生 |
These images generated strong emotional responses. |
| extreme |
Very great in degree |
极端的 |
Extreme emotions enhance memory recall. |
| recall |
The action of remembering something |
回忆 |
Images that sparked extreme emotions were easier to recall. |
| intuitive |
Based on what feels to be true even without conscious reasoning |
直觉的 |
The link between emotion and memory recall is quite intuitive. |
| How come |
A colloquial way of asking why something is the way it is |
怎么会 |
“How come negative images are more memorable?” he asked. |
| root in |
To be based on, to originate from |
根源于 |
This behavior is rooted in our survival instincts. |
| event |
An occurrence, especially one of importance |
事件 |
Remembering a significant event can trigger strong emotions. |
| ladder |
A piece of equipment for reaching higher places, consisting of a series of steps |
梯子 |
He recalled climbing a ladder when he was younger. |
| rung |
The horizontal supports on a ladder that you step on |
梯级 |
He remembered the wet rungs of the ladder clearly. |
| specific |
Clearly defined or identified |
特定的 |
Researchers focused on specific areas of the brain. |
| associate with |
To connect with something in one’s mind |
与…相关 |
Different emotions are associated with different brain areas. |
| state |
Condition of mind or temperament |
状态 |
Emotional states influence memory processes. |
| hypothesize |
To suggest a theory based on limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation |
假设 |
Damasio hypothesized that emotions trigger brain activity. |
| trigger |
To cause to start or happen |
触发 |
Emotional memories can trigger intense feelings. |
| hook up |
To connect or attach something |
连接 |
Volunteers were hooked up to brain scanning equipment. |
| equipment |
The necessary items for a particular purpose |
设备 |
The lab was equipped with advanced brain imaging equipment. |
| intense |
Of extreme force, degree, or strength |
强烈的 |
Recalling intense memories can activate specific brain regions. |
| elation |
Great happiness and exhilaration |
兴高采烈 |
The elation of graduation day activated certain brain areas. |
| activate |
To make active or cause to start functioning or operating |
激活 |
Remembering a happy event activated one area of the brain. |
| region |
A specific area or section, especially part of a country or the world |
区域 |
Brain scans showed activity in specific regions. |
| particular |
Used to single out an individual member of a specified group or class |
特别的 |
The study focused on a particular aspect of memory. |
| phenomenon |
A fact or situation that is observed to exist or happen, especially one whose cause is in question |
现象 |
Mood congruity is an interesting psychological phenomenon. |
| mood |
A temporary state of mind or feeling |
心情 |
His mood affected which memories came up. |
| harmony |
The combination of simultaneously sounded musical notes to produce chords and chord progressions |
和谐 |
Mood congruity means a harmony between current mood and memories. |
| call up |
To bring into action |
唤起 |
Happy moods tend to call up pleasant memories. |
| pleasant |
Giving a sense of happy satisfaction or enjoyment |
令人愉快的 |
Recalling pleasant events can reinforce a happy mood. |
| reinforce |
Strengthen or support, especially with additional personnel or material |
加强 |
Positive memories reinforce a happy state of mind. |
| wire |
To fit or provide with a wire, especially to connect electrically |
布线 |
The brain is wired to support your mood. |
| temper |
Improve the hardness and elasticity of (steel or other metal) by reheating and then cooling it |
调和 |
The brain doesn’t temper your mood by recalling contrasting memories. |
| prefrontal cortex |
The front part of the frontal lobe of the brain |
前额叶皮层 |
The prefrontal cortex is very active when you are happy. |
| generate |
To bring into existence |
产生 |
A happy mood can generate many creative ideas. |
| capacity |
The maximum amount that something can contain or produce |
容量，能力 |
The prefrontal cortex has a large capacity for generating ideas. |
| among |
In the company of; surrounded by |
在…之中 |
Creative thought is among the functions of the prefrontal cortex. |
| depress |
Press down |
使沮丧 |
Being depressed slows down activity in the prefrontal cortex. |
| diminish |
Make or become less |
减少 |
Depression diminishes the brain’s output of thoughts. |
| except |
Not including; other than |
除了 |
Everyone was surprised, except for Steven Johnson. |
| insight |
An accurate and deep understanding |
了解 / 顿悟 |
Johnson gained a new insight into his own mental processes. |
| relieved |
No longer feeling distressed or anxious |
松了一口气的 |
He was relieved to learn the scientific reason behind his feelings. |
| unexpected |
Not expected or regarded as likely to happen |
意外的 |
The experiment had some unexpected results. |
| prolong |
Extend the duration of |
延长 |
His bad mood was prolonged by negative thoughts. |
| temporarily |
For a limited period of time or conditionally |
暂时的 |
His creativity was only temporarily diminished. |