| Useful facts / 基本信息 |
IELTS-friendly phrases / 可借用英文表达 |
Chinese Meaning / 中文意思 |
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Bill Gates is widely known as the co-founder of Microsoft.
比尔·盖茨最广为人知的身份是 Microsoft 的联合创始人。
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the co-founder of Microsoft |
Microsoft 的联合创始人 |
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He started Microsoft with Paul Allen in 1975.
1975 年，他和 Paul Allen 一起创办了 Microsoft。
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start a company from scratch |
从零开始创办一家公司 |
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He grew up in Seattle and became interested in computers at a young age.
他在西雅图长大，很早就对电脑和编程产生了兴趣。
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develop an interest at a young age |
很小的时候就产生兴趣 |
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He studied at Harvard but left before graduating to focus on Microsoft.
他曾在 Harvard 学习，但后来离开学校，把重心放在 Microsoft 上。
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make a bold life decision |
做出大胆的人生决定 |
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Today, he is associated with technology, business, philanthropy, global health, and climate work.
今天，人们提到他时，通常会想到科技、商业、慈善、全球健康和气候议题。
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more than just a businessman |
不只是一个商人 |
| Useful facts / 基本信息 |
IELTS-friendly phrases / 可借用英文表达 |
Chinese Meaning / 中文意思 |
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He led Microsoft as it grew from a small start-up into a global technology company.
他带领 Microsoft 从一个小型创业公司成长为全球科技公司。
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grow from a small start-up into a global company |
从小创业公司成长为全球公司 |
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He became one of the best-known entrepreneurs of the personal computer era.
他成为个人电脑时代最知名的企业家之一。
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a well-known entrepreneur |
知名企业家 |
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He helped make computer software more common in homes, schools, and offices.
他帮助电脑软件进入家庭、学校和办公室，变得更加普及。
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bring technology into everyday life |
把科技带入普通人的生活 |
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After stepping back from daily work at Microsoft, he shifted more attention to global problems.
离开 Microsoft 的日常管理后，他把更多精力转向全球性问题。
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shift his focus to bigger social issues |
把重心转向更大的社会议题 |
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His career is often used as an example of long-term influence rather than short-term fame.
他的职业生涯常被看作长期影响力的例子，而不只是短期走红。
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make a lasting impact |
产生持久影响 |
| Useful facts / 基本信息 |
IELTS-friendly phrases / 可借用英文表达 |
Chinese Meaning / 中文意思 |
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Gates is the chair of the Gates Foundation.
盖茨目前是 Gates Foundation 的主席。
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lead a major charitable foundation |
领导大型慈善基金会 |
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The foundation works on issues such as global health, education, poverty, and development.
该基金会关注全球健康、教育、贫困和发展等问题。
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work on global challenges |
处理全球性挑战 |
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The foundation has supported work related to vaccines, infectious diseases, and public health.
基金会长期支持疫苗、传染病和公共卫生相关项目。
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improve public health |
改善公共健康 |
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In 2010, Gates, Melinda French Gates, and Warren Buffett launched the Giving Pledge.
2010 年，盖茨、Melinda French Gates 和 Warren Buffett 发起了 Giving Pledge。
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encourage wealthy people to give back |
鼓励富人回馈社会 |
| Useful facts / 基本信息 |
IELTS-friendly phrases / 可借用英文表达 |
Chinese Meaning / 中文意思 |
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Gates is often described as analytical, competitive, and extremely focused.
盖茨常被描述为善于分析、有竞争意识、并且非常专注的人。
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come across as highly focused |
给人非常专注的印象 |
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He is also widely known as a serious reader.
他也因为热爱阅读而广为人知。
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a serious lifelong learner |
认真、持续学习的人 |
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His public image combines business success with problem-solving and philanthropy.
他的公众形象结合了商业成功、解决问题的能力和慈善事业。
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combine success with responsibility |
把成功和责任结合起来 |
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He often presents problems through data, charts, and clear explanations.
他常常用数据、图表和清楚的解释来表达问题。
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explain complicated ideas clearly |
把复杂想法讲清楚 |
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For students, he is a good example of planning, discipline, and long-term thinking.
对学生来说，他是计划、自律和长期思维的好例子。
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think in the long term |
从长期角度思考 |
| Useful facts / 基本信息 |
IELTS-friendly phrases / 可借用英文表达 |
Chinese Meaning / 中文意思 |
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Bill Gates is not a professional athlete, but he has played sports as a hobby for many years.
比尔·盖茨不是职业运动员，但他多年来一直把运动作为一种个人爱好。
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play sports as a hobby |
把运动作为爱好 |
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He is especially known for playing
pickleball,
a racquet sport that mixes elements of tennis, badminton, and ping-pong.
他尤其喜欢打
pickleball（匹克球），
这是一种结合了网球、羽毛球和乒乓球特点的球拍类运动。
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a mix of tennis, badminton, and ping-pong |
网球、羽毛球和乒乓球的结合 |
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On Gates Notes, he wrote that he had been a “Pickler” for more than 50 years.
他曾在 Gates Notes 上写到，自己已经打 pickleball 五十多年了。
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stick with a hobby for decades |
坚持一个爱好几十年 |
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He is also a lifelong tennis player and has played charity tennis matches with Roger Federer.
他也是一名长期打网球的人，并曾和 Roger Federer 一起参加慈善网球比赛。
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take part in a charity match |
参加慈善比赛 |
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This sports angle shows a more human side of him: he is not only a serious businessman, but also someone who relaxes through games and sports.
这个运动角度能展示他更生活化的一面：他不只是严肃的商人，也会通过游戏和运动来放松。
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show a more human side of someone |
展现某人更生活化、更真实的一面 |
| Chinese Topic Name |
English Topic Name |
How to Use / 如何使用 |
| 遇到困难终成功的人 |
Describe a person who met difficulties but succeeded |
Use Bill Gates as a person who took a huge risk by leaving Harvard and building Microsoft in a young, uncertain software industry. Focus on risk, pressure, early challenges, and long-term success.
可以讲比尔·盖茨离开 Harvard，在软件行业还不成熟的时候创办 Microsoft。重点讲风险、压力、早期困难，以及他最后如何把公司做大。
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| 成功的生意人 |
Describe a person you know who has a successful business |
This is one of the easiest topics. Explain who he is, how Microsoft started, what the company does, and why its software became so successful worldwide.
这是最容易套用的话题之一。讲他是谁、Microsoft 如何起步、公司做什么，以及为什么它的软件能在全球取得成功。
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| 在成功公司工作的人 |
Describe a person who works in a successful company |
Talk about Gates as someone who worked at Microsoft and helped lead it. The key is not just his title, but how his decisions shaped a successful company.
可以把他作为曾在 Microsoft 工作并领导公司发展的人来讲。重点不是职位本身，而是他的决策如何影响了一家成功公司。
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| 长久目标 |
Describe a long-term goal you would like to achieve |
Use him as inspiration. Say your long-term goal is to build something useful, learn technology deeply, or use your future success to help others, just as Gates did in business and philanthropy.
可以把他作为灵感来源。你的长期目标可以是做出有用的东西、深入学习科技，或将来像盖茨一样把成功用于帮助他人。
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| 长远志向 |
Describe an ambition that you have had for a long time |
Connect the topic to Gates' ambition to make software useful for ordinary people. Then shift to your own ambition: coding, education, business, or solving a social problem.
可以先讲盖茨当年希望让软件服务普通人的志向，再转到你自己的志向，比如编程、教育、创业或解决社会问题。
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| 遇到的科技问题 |
Describe a challenging technological problem you faced |
Use Gates as the background example: early Microsoft had to solve difficult programming and software problems. Then describe your own smaller version, such as fixing a computer, coding bug, or software issue.
用盖茨作为背景例子：早期 Microsoft 需要解决复杂的编程和软件问题。然后讲你自己的小版本，比如修电脑、解决代码 bug 或软件问题。
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| 重要决定 |
Describe an important decision that you made |
Describe Gates' decision to leave Harvard and start Microsoft as a model, then talk about a decision you made after learning from him, such as choosing CS, learning coding, or joining a competition.
可以把盖茨离开 Harvard 创办 Microsoft 的决定作为参照，然后讲你受启发后做出的决定，比如学习计算机、学编程或参加比赛。
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| 在团队中工作 |
Describe a time when you worked in a group |
Use Microsoft's early story as a lead-in: Gates did not build everything alone. Then describe a school project where teamwork, leadership, and clear roles mattered.
可以用 Microsoft 早期故事引入：盖茨并不是一个人完成所有事情。然后讲你自己的小组项目，突出分工、领导力和合作。
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| 想见的名人 |
Describe a famous person you would like to meet |
This is very natural. Say you would like to meet Gates to ask about technology, reading habits, business decisions, and how to use success to solve real-world problems.
这个题非常自然。可以说你想见盖茨，问他科技、阅读习惯、商业决策，以及如何用成功解决现实问题。
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| 乐于助人的人 |
Describe a person who often helps others |
Use his philanthropy. Focus on the Gates Foundation's work in global health, vaccines, education, and poverty, instead of simply saying he is rich.
用他的慈善事业来讲。重点放在 Gates Foundation 对全球健康、疫苗、教育和减贫的支持上，而不是简单说他有钱。
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| 机智解决问题的人 |
Describe a person who solved a problem in a smart way |
Talk about how Gates saw software as the key to making computers useful. This is a smart solution because he focused on the system behind the machine, not just the hardware.
可以讲盖茨意识到软件才是让电脑真正有用的关键。这是一个聪明的解决思路，因为他关注的是机器背后的系统，而不只是硬件。
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| 常做计划的人 |
Describe a person who makes plans a lot |
Use his image as a strategic thinker. Talk about how he planned business moves at Microsoft and later made long-term plans for philanthropy and climate work.
可以把他塑造成善于长期规划的人。讲他在 Microsoft 的商业规划，以及后来在慈善和气候领域的长期安排。
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| Chinese Topic Name |
English Topic Name |
How to Use / 如何使用 |
| 想要颁布的环保法律 |
Describe an environmental law you would like your country to introduce |
Do not make Gates the main answer. Use him as a reason: after learning about his clean energy work, you want a law that supports clean technology, lower emissions, and practical innovation.
不要把盖茨当成答案主体，而是当成原因：了解他的清洁能源工作后，你希望国家出台支持清洁技术、减排和实际创新的环保法律。
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| 保护环境的法律 |
Describe a law on environmental protection |
Talk about a clean energy or carbon-reduction law, then mention Gates and Breakthrough Energy as an example of why technology and law should work together.
可以讲清洁能源或减碳相关法律，再提到盖茨和 Breakthrough Energy，说明科技和法律应该结合起来。
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| 想颁布的新法律 |
Describe a new law you would like to introduce in your country |
A good bridge is a law about AI education, data privacy, or clean energy. Gates can be used as a technology figure who reminds us that innovation needs rules.
可以桥接到 AI 教育、数据隐私或清洁能源法律。盖茨可以作为科技人物，说明创新也需要规则。
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| 名人出演的广告 |
Describe an advertisement with a famous person in it |
Use a public-service campaign, Microsoft-related video, or charity message featuring Gates. Focus on credibility: people trust the message more because he is linked to technology and philanthropy.
可以讲盖茨出现在公益宣传、Microsoft 相关视频或慈善宣传中。重点讲可信度：因为他和科技、慈善联系紧密，所以观众更容易相信这个信息。
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| 最近看过的电视/网络节目 |
Describe a TV show/online program you have watched recently |
Use a documentary, interview, or online program about Gates. Explain what it was about: his brain, reading, Microsoft, global health, or climate change.
可以讲关于盖茨的纪录片、采访或网络节目。说明它讲了什么：他的思考方式、阅读、Microsoft、全球健康或气候变化。
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| 有趣视频 |
Describe an interesting video |
Choose a TED talk, interview, or short video where Gates explains a big problem in a simple way. The speaking focus is the video, not his whole life story.
选择盖茨的 TED 演讲、采访或短视频，讲他如何把一个大问题解释得很简单。口语重点是视频本身，不是他的完整人生。
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| 有趣视频 |
Describe an interesting video |
Choose a video where Gates talks about pickleball, tennis, technology, or philanthropy. The pickleball angle is especially student-friendly because it shows that even a world-famous businessman has simple hobbies and ways to relax.
可以选择一个盖茨谈 pickleball、网球、科技或慈善的视频。pickleball 这个角度尤其适合学生，因为它能说明即使是世界知名企业家，也有简单的爱好和放松方式。
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| 喜欢的现场体育赛事 |
Describe a live sports event you watched and liked |
Use this carefully. Bill Gates is not a professional athlete, so do not describe him as a sports star. A natural angle is to talk about watching a charity tennis match where he played with Roger Federer, or watching a video about his long-time love of pickleball. Focus on the relaxed, human side of a famous business leader.
这个题可以用，但要小心。比尔·盖茨不是职业运动员，所以不要把他说成体育明星。比较自然的角度是：你看过他和 Roger Federer 一起参加的慈善网球赛，或者看过一个关于他长期喜欢 pickleball 的视频。重点不是比赛有多专业，而是通过运动看到一个商业名人更生活化的一面。
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| 改变重要想法 |
Describe a time when you changed an important opinion of yours |
Say you used to think rich people only cared about business, but learning about Gates' philanthropy changed your view of wealth, responsibility, and public influence.
可以说你以前觉得富人只关心商业，但了解盖茨的慈善事业后，你改变了对财富、责任和公共影响力的看法。
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| 近期改变 |
Describe a change that you made recently |
Make this personal: after watching a Gates interview, you changed your reading habit, started learning coding, or began using technology more productively.
把题目转到自己身上：看了盖茨的采访后，你改变了阅读习惯、开始学编程，或更高效地使用科技。
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| 鼓励你保护自然的人 |
Describe a person who encouraged you to protect the nature |
Use Gates carefully as someone who encouraged you to think about climate solutions. Focus on clean energy, innovation, and protecting people as well as nature.
可以谨慎地把盖茨讲成鼓励你思考气候解决方案的人。重点放在清洁能源、创新，以及保护自然和人类生活。
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| 给别人建议 |
Describe a time when you gave advice to others |
Say you advised a friend to learn basic coding, read more, or use technology wisely, and your advice was partly inspired by Gates' life story.
可以说你建议朋友学习基础编程、多阅读或理性使用科技，而这个建议部分受到盖茨人生故事的启发。
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| 发挥想象力 |
Describe a time you needed to use your imagination |
Describe creating a poster, speech, or class presentation about Gates. You had to imagine how to explain computers, charity, and climate in a simple visual way.
可以讲你做关于盖茨的海报、演讲或课堂展示，需要想象如何把电脑、慈善和气候议题用简单的视觉方式讲清楚。
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| 完美工作 |
Describe your perfect job |
Bridge from Gates to yourself. Your perfect job could combine technology and social impact, such as working for an educational technology company or a foundation.
从盖茨过渡到你自己。你的完美工作可以是把科技和社会价值结合起来，比如教育科技公司或基金会的工作。
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| Chinese Topic Name |
English Topic Name |
How to Use / 如何使用 |
| 最近读过的故事 |
Describe a story (e.g. a fairy tale, etc.) you have read recently |
Use his memoir Source Code as a real-life story. This works only if you frame it as a personal story about childhood, curiosity, and the beginning of Microsoft.
可以用他的回忆录《Source Code》当作真实人生故事来讲。这个角度只有在你把它说成关于童年、好奇心和 Microsoft 起点的故事时才自然。
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| App/程序 |
Describe a program or app on your computer or phone |
Use Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint, or another Microsoft product. Gates is only the background connection, so keep most of the answer about how the program helps you study or work.
可以讲 Microsoft Word、Excel、PowerPoint 或其他 Microsoft 产品。盖茨只是背景连接，主体还是这个程序如何帮助你学习或工作。
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| 想拥有的科技产品 |
Describe a piece of technology (not a phone) that you would like to own |
Mention a laptop, AI tool, or Microsoft-related device. Make the answer natural by saying Gates made you interested in how technology can improve learning and productivity.
可以讲电脑、AI 工具或和 Microsoft 间接相关的设备。为了自然，要说盖茨让你对科技如何提升学习和效率产生兴趣。
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| 使用电子设备碰到的问题 |
Describe a time when you had a problem with using an electronic device |
This is not really about Gates. Use Windows or Microsoft software only as the device background, then focus on your own problem and solution.
这个题其实不是讲盖茨。可以把 Windows 或 Microsoft 软件作为背景，但主体必须是你自己遇到的设备问题和解决过程。
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| 想从事的短期海外工作 |
Describe a short-term job you want to have in a foreign country |
Say you would like to do a short internship or volunteer project at an international foundation or tech-for-good organization inspired by Gates. Do not claim you actually have access to the Gates Foundation.
可以说你想在国外的国际基金会或“科技向善”组织做短期实习/志愿项目，灵感来自盖茨。不要说自己真的能进入 Gates Foundation。
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| 推荐旅行过的地方 |
Describe a place you have travelled to that you would like to recommend to others |
Use Seattle only if you can talk about the city itself: technology culture, museums, lakes, and the Microsoft connection. Do not turn the whole answer into a biography of Gates.
只有在你能讲西雅图本身时才用：科技文化、博物馆、湖泊，以及和 Microsoft 的联系。不要把整个答案变成盖茨传记。
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| 去过的喜欢的城市 |
Describe your favorite city that you have visited |
Seattle can work as an emergency angle because it is connected with Gates and Microsoft. Still, the city must remain the main topic.
西雅图可以作为备用角度，因为它和盖茨、Microsoft 有联系。但题目主体必须仍然是城市。
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